The Legend of the Hung Kings: Guardians of Vietnam’s Origins
The legend of the Hung Kings is a cornerstone of Vietnam’s cultural and spiritual identity, tracing the nation’s origins to its mythical ancestors. Revered as the founders of the Vietnamese state, the Hung Kings are believed to have ruled the ancient kingdom of Văn Lang, establishing a legacy that continues to inspire pride and unity among the Vietnamese people.
The Birth of a Nation
The story begins with Lạc Long Quân, a dragon lord, and Âu Cơ, a mountain fairy. Their union symbolizes the harmony between the mountains and the sea. Together, they bore a hundred sons, said to be the ancestors of the Vietnamese people. However, due to their differing origins, Lạc Long Quân and Âu Cơ agreed to separate—half of their children followed their father to the coastal regions, while the other half went with their mother to the mountains. This is an animated short film on these figures (The substitle is also available in English. So, don’t forget to turn on the captions!):
The eldest son of this union became the first Hung King, marking the start of Vietnam’s first dynasty. The Hung Kings ruled over Văn Lang, a realm characterized by its fertile rice fields, communal harmony, and spiritual practices. This dynasty is credited with laying the foundations of Vietnamese culture, governance, and agricultural innovation.
The Legacy of the Hung Kings
The Hung Kings are celebrated for their wisdom, leadership, and contributions to Vietnamese civilization. Under their rule, society flourished with advancements in wet rice farming, bronze casting, and the establishment of spiritual rituals that remain integral to Vietnamese culture.
One of the most enduring legacies of the Hung Kings is the Hung Kings Temple Festival, held annually in Phú Thọ Province. This festival, recognized as an Intangible Cultural Heritage by UNESCO, is a time for the Vietnamese people to honor their ancestors, express gratitude, and pray for prosperity. The phrase “Dù ai đi ngược về xuôi, nhớ ngày Giỗ Tổ mùng mười tháng ba” (Wherever one goes, remember the 10th day of the third lunar month is the ceremony of Hung Kings) captures the enduring reverence for these legendary rulers.
Symbol of National Unity
The Hung Kings are more than mythical figures; they are a unifying symbol of Vietnamese identity. In times of hardship or celebration, their legend serves as a reminder of the shared heritage and resilience of the Vietnamese people. Their story embodies the values of harmony, community, and respect for nature, which continue to define Vietnam’s cultural ethos.
Honoring the Past, Inspiring the Future
The legend of the Hung Kings transcends mythology—it is a living tradition that connects modern Vietnam to its ancient roots. By preserving and celebrating this legacy, the Vietnamese people not only honor their ancestors but also draw strength and inspiration for the future.
The story of the Hung Kings reminds us that understanding our origins gives us the foundation to navigate the present and envision a united future.
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